Golden Gate Bridge And Channel Tunnel Project Comparison Construction Essay

Golden Gate Bridge And Channel Tunnel Project Comparison Construction Essay Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge built at the opening of San Francisco in to Pacific Ocean. It connects the Marin County, California to the city of San Francisco. This project was approved in 1930 and started in January 1933 and finished by May 1937. It is the longest suspension bridge, by the time of its completion. The total length and width of this bridge is 2,737m and 27m respectively. 83,000 tons of steel from New Jersey, Maryland and Pennsylvania and Cables with length of 2,332m are used for construction. Two main cables pass over the towers and each of them is made up of 27,572 strands of wire that can cover eighty thousand miles and it took over six months to spin them. 128 high pressure sodium lamps are installed on the roadway. It was fully painted in orange vermillion color. Original paint was removed due to corrosion and it is repainted with emulsion top coat which took over 30 years. It is a popular internationally recognized and well structured civil engineerin g symbol throughout the world. Channel Tunnel United Kingdom: Channel Tunnel is a longest undersea tunnel in the world. It is also known as Chunnel. It is 50.5km long and 250ft deep undersea rail tunnel beneath English Channel. Chunnel links Kent in UK with Coquelles in northern France. Chunnel carries high passenger trains and also transports vehicles through trains. It is recognized as a one of the seven wonders of World by American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). This project was first proposed in 1802. But, due to political pressures it was compromised and later in 1988 the construction company Eurotunnel takeover the project. The project was completed by 1994 with 80% over budget. After its construction Chunnel has faced many problems, Illegal immigrants attempted to use it and Fires have disrupted the transport. Despite of all the problems during and after the construction, it is running successfully and it is considered as most successful project. Comparison of Projects There are various factors that influence the outcome of every project. So, it is important to identify the main objectives, scope, duration and budget of the project which helps to distinguish whether the project is successful or unsuccessful. In this report, I have considered the following factors to compare the Project management of Golden Gate Bridge and Channel Tunnel. Project Environment Golden Gate Bridge The city of San Francisco doesnt have a permanent link to surrounding cities across its bay area. The only route available was through ferry services started in 1820. Although Ferry services became famous and profitable in automobile industry, that doesnt show any impact on the development of the city in various sectors. Then, there was an initial proposal for building a bridge which was turned down due to various political and public issues. But finally project was started in the year of 1933 and completed by 1937. After the completion of project, San Francisco was also linked to other cities through roadways across the bay which in turn leads to overall economic development. Channel Tunnel Since 18th century France and United Kingdom were in need of affordable transportation links for their economic development. So the Channel Tunnel project was proposed. The actual commencement of project was delayed for more than a century after its preliminary proposal and trails. It had undergone various problematic phases like technology and machinery failures, Delays, Cost controls, Maintenance issues Political influences. Finally the project was completed by May 1994 and inaugurated by British Queen Elizabeth II and French President Francois Mitterrand and opened to full public services by 1995. After the completion of that project, UK has constructed the supportive projects like High speed 1. The link to Channel Tunnel called High speed1 runs 111km from London to Folkestone in Kent. It costs Euro 5.8 billions. This was opened by UK Prime Minister Tony Blair in September 2003. These trains travel at the speed of 300km/h from London to Paris in 2 hour 15minutes. Now with the stak eholders investment on constant maintenance, Channel Tunnel project is obtaining its main objective of developing transportation links. Stakeholders and their power and influence Golden Gate Bridge Stakeholders involved in this project played a major role for its execution. Initially the project has fewer funds for its execution. Then the Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District authorized through legislature approved bonds that valued $30million, but they were unable to sell those bonds. Amadeo Giannini , founder of Bank of America influenced the project by agreeing to buy the bonds to help the local economy. Later the project was carried out by the Construction Company called Mc Clintic -Marshall Construction Co. founded by Howard H. Mc Clintic and Charles D. Marshall. This construction company effectively managed to follow business processes and acquire required raw materials from Suppliers like (Steel Construction- Bethlehem Steel co., Cable Steel supplier John A. Roeblings Sons Company) and Human resources from Consulting Engineers Ammann Whitney, Contractors Dillingham Construction, Seismic retrofit Contractors Balfour Beatty Construction and Co-Contracting Obayashi Corp., Shimmick Construction company Inc., Prestressing DYWIDAG Systems International USA Inc.. The Mc Clintic -Marshall Construction Co influenced the execution of the project by its proper project management with all the suppliers to obtain the Performance objectives, meet deadlines and control on costs. Finally, Stakeholders managed to complete the project $1.3million under estimated budget with out delays. Channel Tunnel The Channel Tunnel project was a very huge project which has various stakeholders. The Stakeholders include British Channel Tunnel group which has two banks and five construction companies, French -Manche group has three banks and five construction companies were formed. Banks were there to advice on loans, financials terms and companies for construction and related work. Stakeholders in rail design and rolling stock for Locomotives are(Brush British company ABB Swedish company), Passenger railcars (Bombardier Canadian company), Railcars for carrying freight vehicles (Breda and Fiat Italian company). This project was influenced at its maximum by the stakeholders investment and their political influences. The initial proposal itself was postponed several times over a century. After initial construction, project has faced various issues with technology, machinery, Human resources suppliers and maintenance problems. Finally the project was completed with the influence of stakeholde rs. Planning, Scheduling, Managing Resources and Project life cycle Golden Gate Bridge Before the bridge was built there was only a short route by boat between San Francisco and Marin County. This is Ferry service began in 1820 and later it became scheduled ferry service in 1840. The ferry crossing between San Francisco and Marin County cost US$1.00 per vehicle and it took 20mins. The city of San Francisco was served with ferry boats as it doesnt have permanent links with the other places around the bay. Many experts turned down the proposal for building a bridge across 6,700ft strait. Because it had swirling tides and currents in water at 500ft in depth and also fog and wind may prevent construction. Eventually, the proposal took place in 1916 by James Wilkins, city Engineer of San Francisco with the budget of $100million for which the government felt impractical. Later Joseph Strauss, ambitious engineer designed a 55 mile bridge across the strait with the promising budget of $17million. This proposal was accepted only on the assurance of Strauss to alter the design b y consulting project experts and they considered the suspension type of bridge due to recent improvements in metallurgy. The Project has faced opposition from various sources. The Navy feared about ship collision with bridge may block entry to harbors. Department of war was concerned with ship traffic. Unions demanded to benefit the local workers with employment. Southern Pacific rail road opposed the project to reduce the competition to ferry services. Later in 1928 the Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District was authorized by legislature and incorporated as entity to design, construct and finance the project. The district raised $30 million for bond measure and then approved in 1930. Finally the project was carried out on January 1933 by the Construction Company called Mc Clintic -Marshall Construction Co. founded by Howard H. Mc Clintic and Charles D. Marshall. Strauss remained as a chief engineer of the project. At the time of approval the estimated budget for the construction of structure was $23million which ran over budget to $27million. The project was completed by April 1937 with $35million. T he bridge was opened to pedestrians on May 27 1937 which is made pedestrians day and later opened to vehicles. Channel Tunnel The life cycle of this project is very vast which spans from the year of 1802 to 1995. Channel Tunnel had faced many rejections for proposals before the actual commencement. Channel Tunnel between Dover, United Kingdom and Coquelles, France was first proposed in 1802 by French mining engineer Albert Mathieu. It was proposed to develop the links between two countries. The first geological and hydrographical survey was started in 1830 by Aime Thome de Gamond which resulted in positive for its construction. Later he proposed the project to Napoleon III and that was turned down. In 1867, William Low and Sir John Clarke Hawkshaw proposed the ideas which show the benefits to both the countries. But it was not implemented. In 1876, official Anglo French protocol for Channel Tunnel was established which lead to preliminary trails from both sides of the English Channel. This was opposed by the British political influences and press who feared that Tunnel may compromise with national defence. All these problems were encountered that delayed the project for a century. In 1919, during the Paris Press Conference the British Prime Minister David Lloyd George brought up the idea by reassuring to France. This was again delayed up to thirty years. In 1955, the defence arguments were turned down which lead to start the project. In 1974, the construction was started from the both sides of the Channel and it was ongoing up to one year till the dismay of the French partners and it was cancelled. Later In 1985, The British Channel Tunnel group which has two banks and five construction companies, French-Manche group has three banks and five construction companies were formed. Banks were there to advice on financials and loans. In 1986, Treaty of Canterbury was signed, that allowed proceedings with the project. The construction of the tunnel from both sides was started in 1988. During the construction, the service tunnel was broke through channel. It was finally completed by 1994. According to 2007, cost of construction was $10,153 billion which was cost overrun around 80%. The project was completed by Euro Tunnel which was officially opened on 6th May1994 by British Queen Elizabeth II and French President Francois Mitterrand. But, full service to public was opened in 1995. Project Risk Golden Gate Bridge Although it was a successful project, there were some possible risks for its execution, during and after execution. At the time of initial proposal the project faced opposition from various sources. The Department of war opposed the bridge, because the bridge may block the ships which increase Ship traffic. The Navy was in concern about the route blocking, because any ship collisions to bridge may block the routes to main harbors. The local unions demanded employment in construction and other sectors for their workers. Southern pacific Rail road opposed the bridge to reduce the competition to ferry services. The land required for construction was in dispute with Secretary of War. During the construction there was a concern about the strong tides and currents under water which would cause earthquake and could initiate collapsing of the structure. Ferocious winds and fogs may prevent the operation of construction. Now even after completion of project, it faces the risk of inhumanely be havior such as suicide and or fluctuating toll rates which makes impact on the citys revenue development. Channel Tunnel The very common risk for this type of under water tunnel projects is major water inflow in to surrounding areas. Channel Tunnel project had faced various risks with basic project design. The project ran over budget due to increase in machinery cost by 7% in 1988 and shutdown of machines due to failure in 1988. In 1989, Project faced Euros 1.2billion law suit by TML (Trans Manche link Consortium) against Eurotunnel and Change on door costs Euros 35million and risk with safety features, problems with Air cooling systems in 1991, Delay in delivery of systems acceptance certificates. After opened to public services, three fire accidents have occurred in tunnel. The first fire accident happened in 1996 with 1000 degrees Celsius which affected 50 meters of tunnel and damaged by blaze and the services were stopped for six months. The second was a minor accident happened in 2006 which made the tunnel to be closed for hours and the in September 2008, another accident occurred which made many people hospitalized and transportation was closed for two days. These accidents made a serious impact on the tunnel which in turn reduced the revenue and increased the hype for competitive services like flights and ferry services. These are only some of the risk that werent managed well in this project. Managing the Iron triangle Cost, Time, Quality Golden Gate Bridge Cost, Time and Quality are the three main factors to manage Iron Triangle. In this project, Cost Initial estimation of the project was $100 million which was then reduced to $17 million and finally fixed at $35million. The projects cost was well managed and executed with $1.3million under budget. Time The project was approved in the year of 1930 and its construction began in 1933 which was completed by 1937. The duration of the project was well managed without any delays. Quality The quality of the project wasnt standard. It depends up on suppliers and outsourcing organizations. Till today the project is undergone to various modifications which show that the required quality wasnt up to the mark in this project. Channel Tunnel In this project the concept of managing the factors like cost, time and quality wasnt done well. Cost The estimated budget of the project was $4.650 billion in 1985 and this was overrun up to 80% and it ended with $10,153 billion. Due to various risks it had faced in machinery, technology and delays, problems with suppliers the cost was almost more than double. The time factor wasnt managed properly. As it has many political influences and stakeholders, the project was delayed at every stage. The quality of the project was well managed during the after the completion of the project, when it is compared to cost and time. Apart from the three fire accidents, the project had reached its main objective by providing the quality transport services to travelers in Eurotunnel shuttle trains, users in Freight services. Soft factors Leadership, Teamwork, Commitment Golden Gate Bridge In this project, the concept of soft factors was well organized which in turn lead the project to be successful. Leadership The chief engineer Strauss took the responsibility to oversee the projects construction. Also he managed the teamwork to be well organized and to contribute its commitment for the project. The concept of project management was very well structured and organized by the Mc Clintic Marshall Construction Co. Company. With good leadership skills the company managed to get proper co-operation and commitment from its team, and all the suppliers and other stakeholders. These factors made the project to be completed in time and within the estimated budget. Channel Tunnel The concept of soft factors in this project is depended on various stakeholders involved in this project. But after its completion, Eurotunnel Company managed to deliver good leadership skills for the maintenance of the project. Though the project had faced various risks, the teamwork and commitment from the stake holders made the project to go for further proceedings and the commitment from human resources during the project had reduced the delays caused by other reasons. Supply chain Issues Golden Gate Bridge Golden Gate Bridge project has involved many organizations in its supply chain. Steel Construction- Bethlehem Steel co., Cable Steel supplier John A. Roeblings Sons Company) and Human resources from Consulting Engineers Ammann Whitney, Contractors Dillingham Construction, Seismic retrofit Contractors Balfour Beatty Construction and Co-Contracting Obayashi Corp., Shimmick Construction company Inc., Prestressing DYWIDAG Systems International USA Inc.. It is unlikely for any project to run smoothly with its supply chain issues. The project has faced various problems with Steel and Cable companies regarding delays and quality of raw materials and involvement of labor in the construction the company. Although there were supply chain issues, they were properly handled and the company followed the pre-designed business processes with all of its suppliers to achieve its set of performance objectives. Channel Tunnel This project had faced many supply chain issues with the involvement of various stakeholders at different stages of the project. Project faced rail design and rolling stock issues from Brush British company ABB Swedish company, problems is railcars for freight services with Breda and Fiat Italian company. The budget was affected by supply chain issues like In 1989, Project faced Euros 1.2billion law suit by TML (Trans Manche link Consortium) against Eurotunnel and Change on door costs Euros 35million. After 1996 fire accident, due to supply chain issues from service organizations there was a long delay of six months to restart all the services. All these supply chain issues had created a serious impact on project.

Rhetorical analysis essay examples Essay

In the essay, â€Å"Education†, Ralph Waldo Emerson, a transcendentalist thinker, asserts that Education is damaged and he knows of a solution – the educators. He develops this claim by first introducing the paradox linking â€Å"Genius and Drill†, expressing his ideal method of teaching. Throughout the essay, Emerson tends to have a condemning tone against the educator but towards the end he changes it into a comforting one. Emerson’s purpose is to present an alternative style of teaching in order to persuade educators to use the teaching method by using paradoxes, rhetorical questions, and shifts in tone. He establishes an informative and didactic tone for educators who value attention to detail. Emerson begins his essay by explaining why educators must respect the child in order to create an ideal educational system. He states a paradox between genius and drill in which he backs up by giving insight to the educators about the natural abilities of the scholar. He does this in order to resemble how complex and developed these young students minds are and that they need room to develop their minds on their own. To address drill, Emerson uses short, straightforward sentences like, â€Å"Give a boy accurate perceptions. Make him call things by their right names. Pardon him in no blunder† to dictate the reader in what they have to drill into the children’s minds (Emerson 103). The use of short sentences also serves to relate to the ethos of the reader by making the sentences â€Å"larger† than what they mean, earning Emerson his credibility and persuading the educators. He then uses longer sentences to describe how genius should be implemented. The manipulation of sentence length assists in describing his method of educating the youth by providing declarative or descriptive sentences. Emerson illustrates his theory through an anecdote about how the natural way of learning is possible and actually more efficient than its traditional counterpart. He does this by giving examples of how Charles Fellows completed his ambitions without the traditional education system. This paradigm provides a real life example providing ethos for his audience by giving a real example of his theory being implemented. Rhetorical questions induce an emotional appeal from educators. Emerson’s use of rhetorical questions attacks the educator in such a way that they question their original methods. After describing the current systems militaristic ways, he asks the educators â€Å"What reformer will it nurse? What poet will it  breed to sing to the human race?†(105). He condemns the current system and asks how it could possibly benefit students. Furthermore Emerson provides an analogy comparing the patience needed to teach a student and the â€Å"dint of obstinate sitting still† to arouse animals. He then goes on to ask the educators, â€Å"Can you not wait for him, as Nature and Providence do† to taunt the educators of their definitive ways of teaching(107). All of these methods gear the audience toward a path of naturalistic standards. The shift in tone throughout the essay describes Emerson’s main argument. He transitions from asserting the defects in the system to bringing the educators together to repair the problem. In the beginning Emerson instructs the educator by using commanding verbs. For instance when he says to†Give a boy accurate perceptions. Teach him the difference between the similar and the same. Make him call things by their right names† (103). The continual use of verbs to start sentences sets a didactic tone that undermines the educator. Emerson accentuates an educator’s capacity to inspire students to thrive in a natural learning environment. Through strong commanding sentences, rhetorical question, and empowering tone Emerson strives to persuades the educator in reforming the education system.

Analysis Essay Topics - a Brief Outline

Analysis Essay Topics - a Brief Outline Put simply, an essay is a particular informative observation. Your essay has to be logical and simple to read. Before you commence working on an analytical essay you've got to start with analytical essay definition. You should certainly search for an analytical essay example. Deciding on the most suitable essay topic can at times be rather hard. If you believe that you have difficulties with your analytical essay, don't hesitate to contact Professays.com. You'll observe that it's a great deal simpler to compose an analytical essay than you first thought. There are different kinds of essays that I would assume most of you are already acquainted with. New Step by Step Roadmap for Analysis Essay Topics An analytical argument is dependent on your thesis that ought to obviously be extremely developed. Sure, the quantity of paragraphs and the general logic of the essay will differ for different sorts of essays and majors. For this reason, you have to have your thesis statement ready. The objective of your analytical essay introduction must be to summarize your principal argument dependent on the thesis statement. The Analysis Essay Topics Game Downloading an analytical essay example isn't a fraud, which means you don't need to worry which you're cheat ing. You are able to use quotes or paraphrase portions of the text in order to add evidence. In rare instances, professors may leave the selection of the format up to you, and that means you just have to be certain the essay is very clear and simple to read. An analytical essay is a powerful manner of communicating critical thought about many different subjects. The objective of the introduction is to receive your reader interested in what they are just about to read, and to prepare them. It usually starts out with some sort of background information. Ensure you keep on course. An analytical essay is a particular sort of academic writing. Even if you're a natural-born writer, take note of some preparatory actions which will help you ace an essay. Picking a powerful and arguable thesis is the most crucial step in writing any kind of essay, including an analytical one. Generally, the correct choice of essay topic has an important part in overall writing success. The New A ngle On Analysis Essay Topics Just Released Believe us, it is going to be simpler to express your thoughts if you've got a crystal clear plan. The right beginning to writing the essay ought to be to pick the ideal topic that could lead your way to success. Unless you're certain concerning the reason behind writing the essay and the kind of essay, searching for an appropriate topic becomes a tricky undertaking. What you will need is is a blueprinta foolproof approach to receive your essay structured. Our writers have the ability to make smashing introductions that are aimed to grab readers' attention immediately. After all, there may be a number of distinct angles to one and the very same issue, and you need to pick yours before you get started writing. The same as the name of the book or a movie says a great deal about it, the topic that you choose will serve to draw the reader. The writing process is going to be a pleasure, and your reader will delight in reading your bit of academic writing. Literary analysis isn't the only sort of essay in its family tree. A part of rhetorical analysis might look an actual problem to students. The aim of your introduction is to have the reader interested in your analysis. Let's get going with a streak of process analysis essay topics that will help you on your way to an excellent process analysis essay. Clearly, writing an essay on the subject of marijuana is too general. It is essential to pick the topic that will interest you. Fo r this reason, you should restrict your topic. As soon as you pick a topic, narrow down your focus to a particular issue within this issue scope. By doing this you're in a position to spell out how readers can arrive at the comprehension of a research topic. There's an endless number of different essay topics which can be analyzed. From the analytical essay topics list you could see below, you will find interesting topics you may use as a foundation for your very own analytical essay.

Travel Agency Management - 1478 Words

Could the tide be changing? Travel agencies play an important role within the UK travel and tourism industry. They are the retail arm of the industry, selling a wide range of holiday products and travel services to the public. Yet travel industry analysts have been predicting the death of the high street travel agent due to the ever-changing nature of distribution channels. Travel agents are the key intermediaries in the distribution chain whose main role is selling air, rail, sea and land based services. They do this on behalf of their suppliers or principals. They also may offer additional travel-related services such as insurance and foreign exchange . Throughout the history of the travel agent is has shown an†¦show more content†¦Integration means formal linking arrangements between one organisation and another. Vertical integration occurs along the production process, for example, when an airline establishes its own tour operating company. This type of integration is forwards into the marketplace, and the most popular example is when a tour wholesaler acquires a retail travel chain through merger or purchase. Another way is backwards and this is most commonly seen when tour operators own airlines, and when scheduled airlines form alliances with multinational hotel chains and surface transport companies to secure trading advantages over their rivals. The benefits of forming vertical links include â€Å"cutting out the middle man by being able to control costs and quality standards†¦securing supplies and increasing buying power, and protecting market position by guaranteeing retail outlets on prime high street sites.† (Fyall and Wanhill, 2007) Other ways of controlling the market is by franchising, which is a licensing agreement whereby the parent company grants another firm the right to sell its products and use its brand name, but in return the firm should not sell the products of its competitors. And through mutual shareholding arrangements and a system of tied agency licensing, which gives them exclusive outlets for their products and protects their profits. Second type of integration is called horizontal integration, which occurs when two tour operators or two travel agents integrate,Show MoreRelatedOperations Management in a Travel Agency4951 Words   |  20 PagesIntroduction Kings Travel has over 10 years of experience in the travel industry and is a member of most important Travel authorities e.g. ABTA, and IATA .Kings travel is also an approved agent for ATOL holders for customer financial protection. At Kings Travel the success factor of the growth is their friendly and highly professional services to maximise the customer satisfaction. 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The website books the travel tickets, vacation packages, hotel reservations and a lot more services for its customers through the internet based tools and telephone. Expedia.Com was founded in 1996 as the division of Microsoft and further developed into the Current form of Expedia.Com. The travel brandsRead MoreBusiness Analysis: Orbitz Worldwide Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Orbitz Worldwide is a leading global online travel company that uses innovative technology to enable leisure and business travelers to research, plan, and book a broad range of travel products. Orbitz Worldwide success is because the travel company pursues its company’s mission. Orbitz’s mission is to become one of the world’s three primary hotel distribution platforms. Specifically, to organize their activities into three functional areas: demand, supply, and retail. Orbitz has identifiedRead MoreThe Travel And Hospitality Industry938 Words   |  4 PagesThe travel industry has evolved though history. 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Origins Of The Middle Eastern Dance - 1181 Words

Due to culture, different countries have their different ways of life. This reflects their beliefs, values, religion, attitude, social habits, music, dance and more. Dance differs from country to country although a dance could be practiced in other countries. In the Middle Eastern part of the world, they have a famous type of dance called the â€Å"Belly Dance†. The Middle Eastern dance is an umbrella term that consists of all dances of the Middle East and its neighboring areas from both the past and present. However it’s also a term usually used to refer to Raqs Sharqi or â€Å"belly dance† and its various styles, offshoots, and predecessors. Many scholars believe that Raqs Sharqi stems from older dances. It is known to be one of the world’s oldest dances with theories relating it to ancient dances in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, Persia, India and other ancient civilizations. Middle Eastern dance have many histories and origins. It is possible that this dance can be traced back to Mesopotamia where temples engraving depicting dancers have been found. These same types of depiction have been found on temples in Egypt dating back to 1000 B.C. and in Greece. It is whispered by many that this dance started as an ancient ritual dance for fertility and childbirth. The priestesses were sometime â€Å"sacred prostitutes† where they would perform these dances for clients as they invoked the Goddess. The modern version of belly dance only goes back to the 1900’s when it was modified as a stageShow MoreRelatedThe Culture Of The Middle East1476 Words   |  6 PagesIt is noted that every Middle Eastern Country are publicly fascinated of the Dabke dance. Each of the Middle Eastern nation claims they are the best at dancing Dabke. They also claim to have to have invented the dance (Hussein, 2016). However, there is the truth and reality behind the dance. Dabke is also referred to as Dabka or even Dabkeh. 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The origin of this dance is said to be in Egypt, Turkey and India. Much debate goes on about where people believe that it came from but the truth is, with so many forms of this dance sprouting from the main, there is no specific enough place where this style of dance can be said to have originated. The origin of the name â€Å"belly dance† is said toRead MoreThe Double Standard Of Cultural Appropriation : What Is Wrong With Your Favorite Pop Stars?1474 Words   |  6 Pagesher forehead, a Hindu religious symbol. She has been asked to apologize on numerous occasions but refuses to do so and continues to wear a bind i despite international criticism. The biggest issue with cultural appropriation is when â€Å"it belittles the origin culture, in a way that trivializes an entire way of life, turning it into an accessory† but â€Å"regardless [pop stars] should know what cultural appropriation is and they do not get to decide if they are being offensive† (Duca, The Huffington Post).Read MoreTaking a Look at Capoeira and Belly Dancing1140 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history, dance has served as a form that performs and embodies the cultural values of the society it is in. The idea of dance varies within intellectual traditions and develops to a wider concept of movement practices within individual cultures. Dance can be looked upon as a culturally formed activity that offers information about human behavior in a certain society. Dance has also served to disrupt the cultural values in a society due to cultural evolution and cultural migration. 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The Bhar formed small kingdoms in the Eastern UP region, until they were disposed by invading  Rajput  and  Muslim  groups i n the later  middle ages. The  Bhar, also known as  Rajbhar,  Bharat  and  Bharpatwa, is a community of more than 1.7 million people residing mainlyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Hot Nigga Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"What’s that about?† I enquired after hearing the phrase for the fourth time that day. After finding amusement in my lack of awareness of the phrase and its origin, my cousins took pity on me and explained. They played the hip hop song â€Å"Hot Nigga,’ then proceeded to show me the weird dance move that accompanied it, called the â€Å"Shmoney Dance,† where they bent one leg at a time, in sync with lowered arms and their fists clenched. â€Å"But why?† I had asked. My cousins then told me of the popularity ofRead MoreThe Electronic Sound : A World Of Massive Technological Development1703 Words   |  7 Pagesreviewing the global expansion and acceptance of the genre worldwide throughout the years, will collectively work towards summarizing what EDM/house music is as a whole. To fully understand the present forms of electronic music one must look back at the origins of the sound entirely. Technically the birth of this music took place in the 1960s upon the creations of the first electronic synthesizers, specifically the Moog synthesizer; however, the socially adopted birth came in the 70s with the creation ofRead MoreWhat Factors Played A Role In The Death And Life Of A Language?.1710 Words   |  7 Pagesthe factors that lead to the death and life of a language. Origin of language There are two different views on how human beings we were able to begin communicating with language. Historians believe that the first known communication between man was cave paintings. The paintings consist of signs and drawings of human hunting animals. Evidence suggests that the paintings were used as a story liner. They re also could have been a tribal dance with drums and smoke signals. Then came along petroglyphs

American experiences since 1945 Free Essays

string(36) " credit goes to Martin Luther king\." The course is designed to show in details the events that took place in America after the Second World War. That is the things that happened in America after 1945. There are many events that took place. We will write a custom essay sample on American experiences since 1945 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The post war period start from 1945 when Manchukuo province was captured by the Soviet Union and the atomic bombs which were dropped by USA on the mainland of Japan. This essay is going to touch on the cold war ideologies and breakups of made during the time of the war. Also the policies that were made during the cold war time, I will also discuss the events that took place in the 1950s: Politics and Culture, the liberal reforms of 1960s, reason why USA crashed with southern Asia and elaborate on the conservatism and the consensus politics. I will also discuss on the happenings of the 1970’s: Nixon’s politics and achievements and finally, I will also discuss on the 80s events: the cold war, its end and the reasons that led to the fall of the communism. The immediate post war period. The period after 1945(Farber D. , 1994) was a golden time of capitalism in America. In 1946 the council of economic advisors was established. Its roles were to analyze and advice on various policies mostly in development and implementation of domestic and international economic policies. At around 1953 the council for economic advisors had come up with five policies. These were: economic quantitative targets were set. The â€Å"growth model† of economic replaced the â€Å"cyclical model†, full employment budget was drawn, fiscal drag theories were employed, taxation base and flexibility were widened and finally and a low aggregate demand replaced unemployment notion that had persisted. In 1945 there emerged a crash in the course implementation between Edwin Nourse and Leon Keyserkling. Nourse believed that guns were to be dispensed for butter but Keyserling thought that by expanding economic it would promote expenditure without compromising the standards of living. During the inter war period economic depended on massive spending , raw materials control and price controls as well as the draft of 12 million military men with these reforms the quality of the lives of Americans continued to improve(Leslie B. , 1995) Culture Emergence and some Politics of 1940s and 1950s During this period the quality of life was improved through social welfares. As the stock exchange market thrived uninterrupted from 1949 up to 1957 (Hardayal S. , 2001) the great depression status was reversed, the government embarked on social welfares and military industries complex as it was called by Dwight Eisenhower. It involved employing women in industrial places for manufacturing ammunitions. They were also employed in the military service. The war time experience of women working in military services shaped the future career of women. Many women who were in the war went back to their house hold chores. This past experience led to later integration of women in to the working places in America. According to (Halliwell M. , 2007) the 1950s provides an account of the cultures in America. These were fiction, poetry, theatre, television and films performances, music, radio and visual arts. In this period the economic was still not good. For instance, there were about 3,288,000 people who were unemployed the average salary of the working class was 2,992 dollars. This is the period that saw many young people who serve in the war comeback home to pick up their lives start new families and new jobs. With this new phase of experiences, American industries rose up to the challenge of meeting the rising demands of items. Americans began buying things they could not buy during the wartime. 1960s: The Liberal Reforms and Kennedy’s Visions. In 1960 a presidential election was held. This marked the end of Dwight Eisenhower as the president of America. He served his nation for a period of two terms. At this time his vice president was Richard Nixon who had turned his office into a political base. In the elections of 1960s, John F. Kennedy- a democrat was the second one to have the presidential position as a Roman Catholic after a democrat Al smith . At this time the Soviet Union was far a head of America both militarily and economically. At this time Kennedy was young and inexperienced to be trusted with presidency and his victory margin was among the closest ever known in the history of America. This was attributed to his religious stand. It was believed that many Protestants did not vote him (Murray C. , 1994) In 1950’s and 60’s both major political parties in USA were liberal and conservative factions. The Democratic Party had northern and Western liberals and on the other hand was the conservative Southern whites. For two decades the cold war liberalism was not that active and it only peaked in 1964 when Lyndon B. Johnson over Barry Gold water during the election. In 1948, Truman the then president of USA had outlawed desegregation in the armed forces and civil rights were strongly agitated for. These culminated in to the passage of 1964 civil rights act as well as the voting rights act of 1965. During 1960s the relations between white liberals and civil rights leaders intensified. The later accused the former of hindering the progress it was during this time that Kennedy put federal troops to protect the African Americans who were being admitted to the University of Mississippi. In 1962 (Sitkof H. , 2000) f James Meredita and Martin Luther King junior staged a march to Washington in 1966. This emerged to be a very strong movement which was called the black power. The blacks in this movement accused the whites of trying to control the blacks’ agendas. The opponents of the civil rights wanted blacks in America to stop following democratic machines and instead apply the ethnic model. The civil rights movements totally revolutionized the lives of blacks in America. Much of the credit goes to Martin Luther king. You read "American experiences since 1945" in category "Papers" He was the leader of hundreds of Black people. He inspired the blacks greatly especially when he made his’ I have a dream speech’ to the multitude. It was all about racial harmony. This was done on the mail in Washington. In 1902, Kennedy announced that by the end of the 1960s decade USA would send a man on the moon in a spaceship and safety return him to earth alive. This was the height of optimism because at this time its space program was in its infancy stage It was also at this time that president Johnson of America promised his people that he would fight poverty and ensures that the Americans would enjoy descent lives. This promise was actualized when social security fund was increased and as a result millions of Americans received improved health care. This 1960s became the turning point in the history of American. A lot were achieved at this time (Suman K. and Bery G. F. , 1997) 1970s: Outcomes of Vietnam Invasion and Lifestyles Change. During the 1960s period, Richard Nixon in his presidential campaign promised to end the Americans involvement in the war again Vietnam if he was elected in office in 1969. This whole plan was called â€Å"Vietnamization† it meant that the United States would gradually withdraw itself from the Vietnam War and transfer its military duties to the Southern Vietnam. He wanted to reinforce the Eisenhower and Kennedy’s policies of helping the South Vietnamese but things did not go as they were expected. In 1969(Brad R. , 1991) the North Vietnamese communists intensified their attacks and through Laos and Cambodia supply lines. As a result of these events Nixon invaded Cambodia and bombarded Laos. This initially was done secretly but sooner than later it was made public by Nixon who on 1970 April 30 announced on the television that he invaded Cambodia and wanted to recruit some 150,000 new soldiers . This decision was not welcomed by many Americans in fact it provoked many ant-war protests especially from college and campus students. In 1970 on May 4th the National Guard fined shots in to a crowd of demonstration at Kent state university and killed four of them and about nine wounded. This only increased outrage to people who turned against Nixon and Vietnam War. Due to the increased pressure to put the war to an end an end (Goodwin J. , 2001) Nixon ordered the North Vietnam zone to be bombed. This act led to signing of an agreement which led to the termination of the war in March 1973. As America quit the war, it left the southerners to fight the northerners’ American indigence in the war caused it a big harm. About 55,000 American lives perished. Basically American gained very little from this war. It left Vietnam a devastated nation. 1980s: Cultural Influence and Economic Policies. In 1980s there was economic boom. The existing market was advancing in age and was financially becoming stable. The society’s face changed demographically. People could live longer and seemed younger. New technologies replaced old ones or we can say that there was a technological change. These changes were celebrated by Richard Nixon and his wife with a fashionable clothes accompanied by social events that displayed affluence of American society (Minarik J. J. , 1990) During this time the whole world was in perpetual change for instance the USSR eased their roles and gave in to private enterprise the famous Berlin war came down and Western cloths found their way in eastern, countries. There were some economic policies that were posed by the government. For instance it states that when market lack the in information on the quality of assets as well as true value of an institutions net worth then potential for crisis increased. 1990s: Revival of Cold War Period and Reagan’s Ideas. In the 1980s the cold war came to an end the eastern block had suffered economically. The cold war period of 1985-1991 came back to life with the ascension of Mikhail Gorbachev to power in 1991. In the same year on December 31, the USSR broke into 15 separate nations and this marked the end of the cold war period. Conclusion. Having seen the effects of every action that has been done in America since 1945 and Judging by the way things stand currently, we can say that in the past ten years the politics of America will move to greater heights as the democrats and the republicans become more vibrant in addressing the things that are affecting the Americans right now. Culturally, Americans are very dynamic people who keep on inventing new ways of life. So, it is hard to predict what exactly will happen in the next ten years to come. But socially it seems people will be more integrated, interactive and united. Americans are social and interact with their fellow people in a positive manner and that is why America is a united nation. Reference: Halliwell M. , 2007: American Culture in the 1950’s. Edinburgh University Press, United Kingdom. Farber D. , 1994: The Age of Great Dreams America in the 1960s, 1st Edition. USA. Goodwin J. , 2001: No Other Way Out: States and Revolutionary Movement 1945-1991 Cambridge University Press P. 5 Suman K. and Bery G. F. 1997: Preventing Banking Sector Distress and Crises in Latin America; Proceedings on a Conference Held in Washington DC, World Bank. Minarik J. J. , 1990: Making America’s Budget Policies from the 1980’s to the 1990’s M. E. Sharpe. Murry C. , 1994: Loosing Ground; American Social Policy 1950- 1980, Basic Books 10th Anniversary Edition. Brad R. , 1991: Weapons Proliferation in the 1990s. MIT Press, Washington. Ciment J. , 2006: Postwar America: An Encyclopedia of Social Political Cultural and Economic History Sharpe New York. Sitkoff H. , 2000: Post War America a Student Companion, Oxford University Press. Leslie B. , 1995: The Cambridge History of Latin America, Cambridge University Press. Hardayal S. , 2001. Ambassadors of Culture. Princeton University Press. How to cite American experiences since 1945, Papers

Apple Inc. Technology Industry System†Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Apple Inc. Technology Industry. Answer: Introduction Apple Inc., also known as Apple, is one such multinational companies that has its presence throughout the globe. The company deals in the technology industry and is headquartered in Cupertino, California. The company was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wonznaik and Ronald Wayne on April 1, 1976. In the beginning, the company was started to design, develop and sell personal computers Management but it was only in 2007 when the company shifted its focus towards the development and sale of consume electronics. As of today, the company has a number of foreign subsidiaries and has almost 478 retail stores in more than 17 countries (Levy, n.d.). Apple is the largest publically traded company in the world and in 2014, it became the first U.S. company to be valued over US$ 700 billion. The company has a large workforce of almost 115,000 employees and registered a net income of US$ 45.687 billion in 2016. The company has a large pool of loyal customers as the company has been successful in providing them with products that have higher quality and have exceptional features. Some of the world famous products of the company are iPhone, MacBook, iPad, iPod, Apple watch, Apple TV, etc. (Wang, 2017). One of the key factors behind the worldwide success of the company has been the ability of its products to appeal to people from all age groups. Throughout the world, consumers Management are using more than one billion Apple devices as of March 2016. Bibliography Levy, S. (n.d.). Apple Inc. AMERICAN COMPANY. Retrieved May 06, 2017, from www.britannica.com: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Apple-Inc Wang, H. (2017, February 13). Introduction to apple inc.